Image Interpretation: The humeral head is visualized in the near field, with the glenoid located in the far field. The humeral head appears displaced posteriorly relative to the glenoid consistent with a posterior shoulder dislocation.
Teaching Pearl: Posterior shoulder dislocations are uncommon and can be missed on initial clinical and radiographic evaluation. Point-of-care ultrasound from a posterior approach can rapidly identify posterior displacement of the humeral head relative to the glenoid and can also confirm reduction at the bedside.
When scanning posteriorly, a posterior dislocation places the humeral head abnormally close to the transducer in the near field, whereas an anterior dislocation places it farther from the transducer. This pattern recognition is especially useful after seizure, electric shock, trauma, or a locked internally rotated shoulder.
References:
1. Beck S, Chilstrom M. Point-of-care ultrasound diagnosis and treatment of posterior shoulder dislocation. Am J Emerg Med. 2013;31(2):449.e3-449.e5. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2012.06.017
2. Gottlieb M, Patel D, Marks A, Peksa GD. Ultrasound for the diagnosis of shoulder dislocation and reduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acad Emerg Med. 2022;29(8):999-1007. doi:10.1111/acem.14454
3. Kelly MJ, Holton AE, Cassar-Gheiti AJ, Hanna SA, Quinlan JF, Molony DC. The aetiology of posterior glenohumeral dislocations and occurrence of associated injuries: a systematic review. Bone Joint J. 2019;101-B(1):15-21. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.101B1.BJJ-2018-0984.R1